(1)*3  # 3  # 单个元素,忽略圆括号,不被视为tuple  # 圆括号内无元素或含有多于一个元素,被视为tuple
[1]*3  # [1, 1, 1]  # 方括号内无论有多少个元素(包括空列表),均被视为列表  # 以列表为单位重复3次,而不是列表内元素为单位重复3次,后者需要np.repeat,参考:https://blog.51cto.com/u_16055028/6189970
(1,1)*3  # (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)  # 多个元素,tuple类似list(参考:tuple与list的区别)
[1,1]*3  # [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]

(1)**3  # 3
# [1]**3  # TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'list' and 'int'  # tuple和列表无法求幂(**操作符或pow函数)
# (1,1)**3  # TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'tuple' and 'int'
# [1,1]**3  # TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'list' and 'int'

# (None)*3  # TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for *: 'NoneType' and 'int'  # None无法进行运算
[None]*3  # [None, None, None]
(np.nan)*3  # nan
(np.nan, None)*3  # (nan, None, nan, None, nan, None)