运算符

postfix

unary

multiplicative

additive

shift

relational

equality

bitwise AND

bitwise exclusive OR

bitwise inclusive OR

logical AND

logical OR

ternary

Precedence

Operator

Description

1

::

Scope resolution

2

++ --

Suffix/postfix increment and decrement

()

Function call

[]

Array subscripting

.

Element selection by reference

−>

Element selection through pointer

3

++ --

Prefix increment and decrement

+ −

Unary plus and minus

! ~

Logical NOT and bitwise NOT

(*type*)

Type cast

*

Indirection (dereference)

&

Address-of

sizeof

Size-of

new, new[]

Dynamic memory allocation

delete, delete[]

Dynamic memory deallocation

4

.* ->*

Pointer to member

5

* / %

Multiplication, division, and remainder

6

+ −

Addition and subtraction

7

<< >>

Bitwise left shift and right shift

8

< <=

For relational operators < and ≤ respectively

> >=

For relational operators > and ≥ respectively

9

== !=

For relational = and ≠ respectively

10

&

Bitwise AND

11

^

Bitwise XOR (exclusive or)

12

`

`

13

&&

Logical AND

14

`

15

?:

Ternary conditional

16

=

Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes)

+= −=

Assignment by sum and difference

*= /= %=

Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder

<<= >>=

Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift

&= ^= `

=`

Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR

17

throw

Throw operator (for exceptions)

Precedence

Operator

Description

Associativity

1

++ --

Suffix/postfix increment and decrement

Left-to-right

()

Function call

[]

Array subscripting

.

Structure and union member access

−>

Structure and union member access through pointer

(*type*){*list*}

Compound literal(C99)

2

++ --

Prefix increment and decrement

Right-to-left

+ −

Unary plus and minus

! ~

Logical NOT and bitwise NOT

(*type*)

Type cast

*

Indirection (dereference)

&

Address-of

sizeof

Size-of

_Alignof

Alignment requirement(C11)

3

* / %

Multiplication, division, and remainder

Left-to-right

4

+ −

Addition and subtraction

5

<< >>

Bitwise left shift and right shift

6

< <=

For relational operators < and ≤ respectively

> >=

For relational operators > and ≥ respectively

7

== !=

For relational = and ≠ respectively

8

&

Bitwise AND

9

^

Bitwise XOR (exclusive or)

10

`

`

Bitwise OR (inclusive or)

11

&&

Logical AND

12

`

`

13

?:

Ternary conditional

Right-to-Left

14

=

Simple assignment

+= −=

Assignment by sum and difference

*= /= %=

Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder

<<= >>=

Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift

&= ^= `

=`

Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR

15

,

Comma

Left-to-right

结合方向

运算符

附加信息

非结合

clone new

clone 和 new

左

[

array()

非结合

++ --

递增／递减运算符

非结合

~ - (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) (bool) @

类型

非结合

instanceof

类型

右结合

!

逻辑操作符

左

* / %

算术运算符

左

+ - .

算术运算符 和 字符串运算符

左

<< >>

位运算符

非结合

< <= > >= <>

比较运算符

非结合

== != === !==

比较运算符

左

&

位运算符 和 引用

左

^

位运算符

左

`

`

左

&&

逻辑运算符

左

`

左

? :

三元运算符

右

`= += -= *= /= .= %= &=

= ^= <<= >>=`

左

and

逻辑运算符

左

xor

逻辑运算符

左

or

逻辑运算符

左

,

多处用到

运算符

描述

lambda

Lambda表达式

or

布尔“或”

and

布尔“与”

not x

布尔“非”

in，not in

成员测试

is，is not

同一性测试

<，<=，>，>=，!=，==

比较

`

`

^

按位异或

&

按位与

<<，>>

移位

+，-

加法与减法

*，/，%

乘法、除法与取余

+x，-x

正负号

~x

按位翻转

**

指数

x.attribute

属性参考

x[index]

下标

x[index:index]

寻址段

f(arguments...)

函数调用

(experession,...)

绑定或元组显示

[expression,...]

列表显示

{key:datum,...}

字典显示

'expression,...'

字符串转换