比较全的使用JavaScript获取当前网页运行环境的明细，比如操作系统类型，设备类型-摩杜云开发者社区

<html>
<script>

var OS = {
    "WINDOWS": "win",
    "MACINTOSH": "mac",
    "LINUX": "linux",
    "IOS": "iOS",
    "ANDROID": "Android",
    "BLACKBERRY": "bb",
    "WINDOWS_PHONE": "winphone"
  };

var result = getOS();

alert(JSON.stringify(result));

function getOS() { 

    var userAgent = navigator.userAgent;

    var platform, result;

    function getDesktopOS(){
      var pf = navigator.platform;
      if (pf.indexOf("Win") != -1 ) { // 说明当前是Windows操作系统
        var rVersion = /Windows NT (\d+).(\d)/i;
        var uaResult = userAgent.match(rVersion);
        var sVersionStr = "";
        if (uaResult[1] == "6") {
          if (uaResult[2] == 1) {
            sVersionStr = "7"; // 说明当前运行在Windows 7 中
          } else if (uaResult[2] > 1) {
            sVersionStr = "8"; // 说明当前运行在Windows 8 中
          }
        } else {
          sVersionStr = uaResult[1];
        }
        return {"name": OS.WINDOWS, "versionStr": sVersionStr};

      } else if (pf.indexOf("Mac") != -1) {
        return {"name": OS.MACINTOSH, "versionStr": ""}; // Macintosh操作系统
      } else if (pf.indexOf("Linux") != -1) {
        return {"name": OS.LINUX, "versionStr": ""}; // 说明当前运行在Linux操作系统
      }
      return null;
    }

    platform = /Windows Phone (?:OS )?([\d.]*)/; // windows phone的正则表达式
    result = userAgent.match(platform);
    if (result) {
      return ({"name": OS.WINDOWS_PHONE, "versionStr": result[1]});
    }

    // BlackBerry 10
    if (userAgent.indexOf("(BB10;") > 0) { 
      platform = /\sVersion\/([\d.]+)\s/; // BlackBerry的regular expression
      result = userAgent.match(platform);
      if (result) {
        return {"name": OS.BLACKBERRY, "versionStr": result[1]};
      } else {
        return {"name": OS.BLACKBERRY, "versionStr": '10'};
      }
    }

    // iOS, Android, BlackBerry 6.0+:
    platform = /\(([a-zA-Z ]+);\s(?:[U]?[;]?)([\D]+)((?:[\d._]*))(?:.*[\)][^\d]*)([\d.]*)\s/;
    result = userAgent.match(platform);
    if (result) {
      var appleDevices = /iPhone|iPad|iPod/;
      var bbDevices = /PlayBook|BlackBerry/;
      if (result[0].match(appleDevices)) {
        result[3] = result[3].replace(/_/g, ".");
        return ({"name": OS.IOS, "versionStr": result[3]}); // iOS操作系统
      } else if (result[2].match(/Android/)) {
        result[2] = result[2].replace(/\s/g, "");
        return ({"name": OS.ANDROID, "versionStr": result[3]}); // Android操作系统
      } else if (result[0].match(bbDevices)) {
        return ({"name": OS.BLACKBERRY, "versionStr": result[4]}); // Blackberry
      }
    }

    //Android平台上的Firefox浏览器
    platform = /\((Android)[\s]?([\d][.\d]*)?;.*Firefox\/[\d][.\d]*/;
    result = userAgent.match(platform);
    if (result) {
      return ({"name": OS.ANDROID, "versionStr": result.length == 3 ? result[2] : ""});
    }

    // Desktop
    return getDesktopOS();
  }
</script>
</html>