1.安装epel-release
EPEL（Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux）存储库提供了标准 Red Hat 和 CentOS 存储库中未包含的其他软件包。EPEL 存储库的创建是因为 Fedora 贡献者希望使用他们在 Red Hat Enterprise Linux（RHEL）及其衍生产品（如CentOS，Oracle Linux和Scientific Linux）上维护的软件包。
启用此存储库后，您可以访问流行的软件包，包括 Nginx等。
命令：
wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@centos79-3 ~]# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
--2023-08-31 15:37:33-- https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Resolving dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)... 38.145.60.22, 38.145.60.24, 38.145.60.23
Connecting to dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)|38.145.60.22|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 15608 (15K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’
100%[================================================================>] 15,608 48.1KB/s in 0.3s
2023-08-31 15:37:35 (48.1 KB/s) - ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’ saved [15608/15608]
[root@centos79-3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg basic_init.sh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@centos79-3 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package epel-release-7-14.noarch is already installed
[root@centos79-3 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# ls
bak epel.repo nginx.repo webtatic.repo
CentOS7.repo epel-testing.repo webtatic-archive.repo webtatic-testing.repo
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#通过yum repolist验证epel存储库是否启用，该命令将显示已启用的存储库的 repo ID，名称和程序包数量。输出的信息中如包含 EPEL存储库这一行，说明EPEL库已启用。
命令：
yum repolist
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
repo id repo name status
CentOS7 "localserver" 4,070
*epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,770
nginx-stable/7/x86_64 nginx stable repo 318
webtatic/x86_64 Webtatic Repository EL7 - x86_64 789
repolist: 18,947
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#2.安装php7的rpm源
对于服务器而言，php7的rpm源最为常见的即是提供 web 服务，而对于 web 服务中常用的一些软件，在系统默认的源下，一般版本较低，如若需要使用相对较新的版本（如 PHP），webtatic 源是一个很好的选择。
命令：
wget https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm --no-check-certificate
rpm -ivh webtatic-release.rpm
yum list |grep php7
[root@centos79-3 ~]# wget https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm --no-check-certificate
--2023-08-31 15:50:44-- https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
Resolving mirror.webtatic.com (mirror.webtatic.com)... 104.21.71.8, 172.67.141.68, 2606:4700:3037::6815:4708, ...
Connecting to mirror.webtatic.com (mirror.webtatic.com)|104.21.71.8|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify mirror.webtatic.com's certificate, issued by ‘/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=E1’:
Issued certificate has expired.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 13152 (13K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘webtatic-release.rpm’
100%[================================================================>] 13,152 40.2KB/s in 0.3s
2023-08-31 15:50:48 (40.2 KB/s) - ‘webtatic-release.rpm’ saved [13152/13152]
[root@centos79-3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg basic_init.sh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm webtatic-release.rpm
[root@centos79-3 ~]# rpm -ivh webtatic-release.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package webtatic-release-7-3.noarch is already installed
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# yum list |grep php7
mod_php71w.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
mod_php72w.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php70w.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-bcmath.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-cli.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-common.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-dba.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-devel.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-embedded.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-enchant.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-fpm.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-gd.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-imap.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-interbase.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-intl.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-ldap.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-mbstring.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-mysql.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-odbc.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-opcache.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pdo.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pdo_dblib.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pear.noarch 1:1.10.4-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-apcu.x86_64 5.1.9-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 5.1.9-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-geoip.x86_64 1.1.1-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-igbinary.x86_64 2.0.5-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-igbinary-devel.x86_64 2.0.5-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-imagick.x86_64 3.4.3-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-imagick-devel.x86_64 3.4.3-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-memcached.x86_64 3.0.4-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-mongodb.x86_64 1.5.3-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-redis.x86_64 3.1.6-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pecl-xdebug.x86_64 2.6.1-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pgsql.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-phpdbg.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-process.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-pspell.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-recode.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-snmp.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-soap.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-tidy.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-xml.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php70w-xmlrpc.x86_64 7.0.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-bcmath.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-cli.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-common.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-dba.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-devel.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-embedded.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-enchant.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-fpm.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-gd.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-imap.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-interbase.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-intl.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-ldap.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-mbstring.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-mcrypt.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-mysql.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-odbc.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-opcache.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pdo.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pdo_dblib.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pear.noarch 1:1.10.4-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-apcu.x86_64 5.1.9-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 5.1.9-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-geoip.x86_64 1.1.1-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-igbinary.x86_64 2.0.5-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-igbinary-devel.x86_64 2.0.5-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-imagick.x86_64 3.4.3-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-imagick-devel.x86_64 3.4.3-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-memcached.x86_64 3.0.4-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-mongodb.x86_64 1.5.3-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-redis.x86_64 3.1.6-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pecl-xdebug.x86_64 2.6.1-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pgsql.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-phpdbg.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-process.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-pspell.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-recode.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-snmp.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-soap.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-tidy.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-xml.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php71w-xmlrpc.x86_64 7.1.33-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-bcmath.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-cli.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-common.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-dba.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-devel.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-embedded.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-enchant.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-fpm.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-gd.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-imap.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-interbase.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-intl.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-ldap.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-mysql.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-odbc.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-opcache.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pdo.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pdo_dblib.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pear.noarch 1:1.10.12-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-apcu.x86_64 5.1.18-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 5.1.18-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-geoip.x86_64 1.1.1-1.2.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-igbinary.x86_64 3.1.2-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-igbinary-devel.x86_64 3.1.2-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-imagick.x86_64 3.4.4-1.2.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-imagick-devel.x86_64 3.4.4-1.2.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-libsodium.x86_64 1.0.6-1.2.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-memcached.x86_64 3.1.5-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-mongodb.x86_64 1.7.4-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-redis.x86_64 3.1.6-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pecl-xdebug.x86_64 2.9.6-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pgsql.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-phpdbg.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-process.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-pspell.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-recode.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-snmp.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-soap.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-sodium.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-tidy.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-xml.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
php72w-xmlrpc.x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#3.安装php7
命令：
yum install -y php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-mysql php72w-fpm
rpm -qa | grep php72
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-mysql php72w-fpm php72w-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php72w-fpm.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php72w-common(x86-64) = 7.2.34-1.w7 for package: php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
---> Package php72w-mysql.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php72w-pdo(x86-64) for package: php72w-mysql-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php72w-common.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 will be installed
---> Package php72w-pdo.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
php72w-fpm x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 1.6 M
php72w-mysql x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 83 k
Installing for dependencies:
php72w-common x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 1.3 M
php72w-pdo x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 90 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 3.0 M
Installed size: 18 M
Downloading packages:
(1/4): php72w-common-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:00:04
(2/4): php72w-mysql-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64.rpm | 83 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): php72w-pdo-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64.rpm | 90 kB 00:00:00
(4/4): php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:00:04
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 624 kB/s | 3.0 MB 00:00:04
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : php72w-common-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 1/4
Installing : php72w-pdo-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 2/4
Installing : php72w-mysql-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 3/4
Installing : php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : php72w-mysql-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : php72w-pdo-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : php72w-common-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 4/4
Installed:
php72w-fpm.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-mysql.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
Dependency Installed:
php72w-common.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-pdo.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
Complete!
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep php72w
php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
php72w-common-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
php72w-mysql-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
php72w-cli-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
php72w-pdo-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
php72w-devel-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#4.查看php版本
命令：
php -v
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# php -v
PHP 7.2.34 (cli) (built: Oct 1 2020 13:37:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#另外：
php-fpm启动
命令：
systemctl enable php-fpm
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl status php-fpm
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable php-fpm
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]# systemctl status php-fpm
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2023-08-31 16:02:13 CST; 1s ago
Main PID: 20949 (php-fpm)
Status: "Ready to handle connections"
CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service
├─20949 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-fpm.conf)
├─20951 php-fpm: pool www
├─20952 php-fpm: pool www
├─20953 php-fpm: pool www
├─20954 php-fpm: pool www
└─20955 php-fpm: pool www
Aug 31 16:02:13 centos79-3 systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...
Aug 31 16:02:13 centos79-3 systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.
[root@centos79-3 yum.repos.d]#