文章目录
- 1. 简介
- 2. 准备条件
- 3. 安装依赖工具
- 4. 配置 jenkins 源
- 5. 安装 java-17
- 6. 安装 Jenkins
- 7. 登陆
- 8. 安装插件
- 8.1 kubernets 插件
- 8.2 git 插件
- 8.3 docker 插件
- 9.1 加载本地 Jenkinsfile 构建
- 9.2 git 构建
关于Jenkins 部署上一篇是：minikube & helm 安装 jenkins
1. 简介
Jenkins 是一个 CI/CD 工具。这里CI是指持续集成，CD是指持续交付。Jenkins 也被认为是自动化工具或服务器，它有助于自动化与构建、测试和部署相关的软件开发。
2. 准备条件
- 系统：centos 8.2
- cpu：4
- 内存：8G
- 硬盘：40G
- ip: 192.168.10.90
- hostname:
jenkins_master
3. 安装依赖工具
- 安装依赖
sudo dnf -y install make autoconf automake cmake perl-CPAN libcurl-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ glibc-headers zlib-devel git-lfs telnet lrzsz jq expat-devel openssl-devel
- 安装 Git
cd /tmp
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.38.1.tar.gz
tar -xvzf git-2.38.1.tar.gz
cd git-2.38.1/
./configure
make
sudo make install
$ git --version # 输出 git 版本号，说明安装成功
git version 2.38.1
4. 配置 jenkins 源
echo "192.168.10.90 jenkins_master " | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
dnf 命令软件更新
sudo dnf update -y
sudo dnf repolist
下载 jenkins 源
sudo dnf install wget -y
sudo wget http://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo
运行以下 rpm 命令以导入 Jenkins 包的 GPG 密钥
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key
5. 安装 java-17
查询 java 版本
dnf list java* --showduplicates | sort -r
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:38 ago on Tue 06 Dec 2022 12:00:53 PM CST.
javapackages-tools.noarch 5.3.0-1.module_el8.0.0+11+5b8c10bd appstream
javapackages-filesystem.noarch 5.3.0-1.module_el8.0.0+11+5b8c10bd appstream
java-atk-wrapper.x86_64 0.33.2-6.el8 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-slowdebug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-slowdebug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-slowdebug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-slowdebug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-2.el8_5 appstream
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.312.b07-1.el8_4 appstream
java-17-openjdk.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-17-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-4.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-3.el8_5 appstream
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:11.0.13.0.8-1.el8_4 appstream
Available Packages
自 Jenkins 2.357 和 LTS 2.361.1 以来，Jenkins 需要 Java 11 或 17。
$ dnf list java-17-openjdk-devel --showduplicates | sort -r
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:00 ago on Tue 06 Dec 2022 12:06:28 PM CST.
java-17-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5 appstream
java-17-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:17.0.0.0.35-4.el8 appstream
Java 是 Jenkins 的必备条件之一，所以运行下面的 dnf 命令来安装 java
sudo dnf install -y java-17-openjdk-devel
查看 java 版本
$ java -version
openjdk version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS, mixed mode, sharing)
设置Java环境
$ sudo vi /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=$(dirname $(dirname $(readlink $(readlink $(which javac)))))
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
生效
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
检查
$ echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64
$ env |grep java
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64
CLASSPATH=.:/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64/jre/lib:/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64/lib:/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64/lib/tools.jar
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-17.0.1.0.12-2.el8_5.x86_64/bin
6. 安装 Jenkins
查询最新 Jenkins 版本
$ dnf list jenkins --showduplicates | sort -r
Last metadata expiration check: 0:16:30 ago on Tue 06 Dec 2022 12:06:28 PM CST.
jenkins.noarch 2.89.4-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.89.3-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.89.2-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.89.1-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.7.4-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.73.3-1.1 jenkins
jenkins.noarch 2.73.2-1.1 jenkins
......
安装
sudo dnf -y install jenkins
查询默认安装版本
$ rpm -q jenkins
jenkins-2.375.1-1.1.noarch
启动
sudo systemctl enable jenkins && sudo systemctl start jenkins
$ sudo systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-12-06 12:50:29 CST; 12s ago
Main PID: 2516 (java)
Tasks: 52 (limit: 49495)
Memory: 1.7G
CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
└─2516 /usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=/var/cache/jenkins/>
Dec 06 12:49:53 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a p>
Dec 06 12:49:53 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
Dec 06 12:49:53 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: 92b6f311ba9b433e894b5242cd4ab23c
Dec 06 12:49:53 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: This may also be found at: /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
Dec 06 12:49:53 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: *************************************************************
Dec 06 12:50:29 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: 2022-12-06 04:50:29.241+0000 [id=34] INFO jenkins.InitReact>
Dec 06 12:50:29 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: 2022-12-06 04:50:29.269+0000 [id=25] INFO hudson.lifecycle.>
Dec 06 12:50:29 jenkins_master systemd[1]: Started Jenkins Continuous Integration Server.
Dec 06 12:50:30 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: 2022-12-06 04:50:30.302+0000 [id=53] INFO h.m.DownloadServi>
Dec 06 12:50:30 jenkins_master jenkins[2516]: 2022-12-06 04:50:30.303+0000 [id=53] INFO hudson.util.Retri>
如果 firewalld 启动：
YOURPORT=8080
PERM="--permanent"
SERV="$PERM --service=jenkins"
firewall-cmd $PERM --new-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-short="Jenkins ports"
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-description="Jenkins port exceptions"
firewall-cmd $SERV --add-port=$YOURPORT/tcp
firewall-cmd $PERM --add-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
或者关闭firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
7. 登陆
访问：`http://192.168.10.90:8080
获取自动生成的密码
$ sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
92b6f311ba9b433e894b5242cd4ab23c
安装插件
设置管理用户
界面
用户状态
8. 安装插件
8.1 kubernets 插件
8.2 git 插件
8.3 docker 插件
安装完插件进行重启
9. 创建 pipeline job
9.1 加载本地 Jenkinsfile 构建
如果SCM 选择 None
保存后，点击build构建。
console output：
/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/hello@script/bc6d5aaac091397cf6a4e48610337eabdad7c6ec8ff38cf8699e4e8a0aaaa1c8/Jenkinsfile
我们尝试创建该文件，并编写一个jenkinsfile
$ vim /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/hello@script/bc6d5aaac091397cf6a4e48610337eabdad7c6ec8ff38cf8699e4e8a0aaaa1c8/Jenkinsfile
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('hello') {
steps {
sh 'echo "Hello World"'
}
}
}
}
保存后再次构建
9.2 git 构建
仓库地址：https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git
获取 github Token
加载Credentials，选择好分支，确认 Script path，保存。
点击构建，查看console output：
Started by user ghostwritten
Obtained Jenkinsfile from git https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git
[Pipeline] Start of Pipeline
[Pipeline] node
Running on Jenkins in /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/hello
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Declarative: Checkout SCM)
[Pipeline] checkout
Selected Git installation does not exist. Using Default
The recommended git tool is: NONE
using credential github-token
Cloning the remote Git repository
Cloning repository https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git
> git init /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/hello # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git
> git --version # timeout=10
> git --version # 'git version 2.38.1'
using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials github-token
> git fetch --tags --force --progress -- https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* # timeout=10
> git config remote.origin.url https://github.com/Ghostwritten/jenkins-example-private-repo.git # timeout=10
> git config --add remote.origin.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* # timeout=10
Avoid second fetch
> git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/main^{commit} # timeout=10
Checking out Revision edd6932bd314bd2ad81d7e8bc6a312f18a93431b (refs/remotes/origin/main)
> git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
> git checkout -f edd6932bd314bd2ad81d7e8bc6a312f18a93431b # timeout=10
Commit message: "add link"
First time build. Skipping changelog.
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] withEnv
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (hello)
[Pipeline] sh
+ echo 'Hello World'
Hello World
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // withEnv
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
Finished: SUCCESS
10. 问题
加载下载插件失败：
尝试 systemctl restart jenkins
参考：
