1.生产者工程

• pom.xml里引入依赖

  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  

• application.yml里配置基本信息

  spring:
    rabbitmq:
      host: localhost
      port: 5672
      username: ******
      password: ******
      virtual-host: /test
  

• 在配置类里创建交换机，队列，绑定交换机和队列

  package com.min.config;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  
  @Configuration
  public class RabbitMQConfig {
  
      // 创建交换机
      @Bean("topicExchange")
      public Exchange exchange() {
          return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange("springboot-topic-exchange").durable(true).build();
      }
  
      // 创建队列
      @Bean("queue1")
      public Queue queue1() {
          return QueueBuilder.durable("springboot-queue1").build();
      }
  
      @Bean("queue2")
      public Queue queue2() {
          return QueueBuilder.durable("springboot-queue2").build();
      }
  
      // 绑定队列和交换机
      @Bean
      public Binding BindQueue1Exchange(@Qualifier("queue1") Queue queue,
                                        @Qualifier("topicExchange") Exchange exchange){
          return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("#.error").noargs();
      }
  
      @Bean
      public Binding BindQueue2Exchange(@Qualifier("queue2") Queue queue,
                                        @Qualifier("topicExchange") Exchange exchange){
          return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("order.*").noargs();
      }
  
  }
  

• 注入RabbitTemplate发消息

  package com.min;
  
  import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
  
  @SpringBootTest
  class SpringbootRabbitmqProducerApplicationTests {
  
      @Autowired
      private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
  
      @Test
      void testSend1() {
          rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("springboot-topic-exchange","boot.error","boot.error的key发送的消息");
      }
  
      @Test
      void testSend2() {
          rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("springboot-topic-exchange","order.error","order.error的key发送的消息");
      }
  
      @Test
      void testSend3() {
          rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("springboot-topic-exchange","order.insert","order.insert的key发送的消息");
      }
  
  }
  

2.消费者工程

• 引入依赖并且配置基本信息，和生产者一样

• 创建两个监听器，分别监听两个队列

  package com.min.listener;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  @Component
  public class RabbitMQListener1 implements MessageListener {
  
      @Override
      @RabbitListener(queues = "springboot-queue1")
      public void onMessage(Message message) {
          System.out.println("springboot-queue1接收到消息：" + new String(message.getBody()));
      }
  }
  

  package com.min.listener;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  @Component
  public class RabbitMQListener2 implements MessageListener {
  
      @Override
      @RabbitListener(queues = "springboot-queue2")
      public void onMessage(Message message) {
          System.out.println("springboot-queue2接收到消息：" + new String(message.getBody()));
      }
  }
  

• 启动消费者工程，然后分别运行生产者工程里的三个测试方法，结果如下

  springboot-queue1接收到消息：boot.error的key发送的消息
  

  springboot-queue1接收到消息：order.error的key发送的消息
  springboot-queue2接收到消息：order.error的key发送的消息
  

  springboot-queue2接收到消息：order.insert的key发送的消息
  

  从以上结果可以看出，routingkey为boot.error的消息只能被springboot-queue1接收到，routingkey为order.insert的消息只能被springboot-queue2接收到，而routingkey为order.error的消息两个队列都能接收到。（注意:本案例使用的是rabbitmq的topic工作模式）