form1.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;

namespace XNAGame_016
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        /*
         * 1.编写Direct3D程序，首先需要安装direct3d sdk程序。
         * 2.项目引用中，需要添加Microsoft.DirectX,Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D,Microsoft.Direct3DX,
         * 3.上面的引用，我的电脑的路径是C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\DirectX for Managed Code\1.0.2902.0
         * 4.vs项目属性中，引用路径要把C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010)\Include\，
         * 和C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010)\Lib\，都包含进来。
         * 5.在form1.cs中，需要引用 using Microsoft.DirectX,using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D；
         * 6.非常重要的一点，此点不解决，窗体不显示，在App.config配置文件中，加入<startup useLegacyV2RuntimeActivationPolicy="true"> 
         * 
         * 
         */
        //设备类
        private Device device1 = null;

        //
        bool pause = false;

        //显卡缓存，增加这个变量   第一步
        VertexBuffer buffer1 = null;
 
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public bool InitializeGraphics()
        {
            try
            {
                PresentParameters param1 = new PresentParameters();
                param1.Windowed = true;  // 非全屏模式，即窗口模式 
                param1.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;  // 后备缓存模式，新帧显示，旧帧丢弃
                param1.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;  //自动深度测试
                param1.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16; //深度缓存区单元为16位二进制

                device1 = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, param1);
                device1.DeviceReset += new System.EventHandler(this.OnResetDevice);
                this.OnCreateDevice(device1, null);
                this.OnResetDevice(device1, null);

                return true;
            }
            catch (DirectXException ex)
            {
                return false;
            }

        }

        public void Render()
        {
            if (device1 == null) return;   // 设备类没有初始化，为空，不渲染
            if (pause) return; // 暂停，窗体最小化，不可见，不渲染
            device1.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.Blue, 1.0f, 0);
            device1.BeginScene();

            //第六步
            device1.SetStreamSource(0,buffer1,0);
            device1.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format;
            device1.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 1);
            //
            device1.EndScene();
            device1.Present();
        }

        private void Form1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            this.Render();
        }

        //增加这个方法的内容 ，第二步
        public void OnCreateDevice(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Device dev = (Device)sender;
            buffer1 = new VertexBuffer(typeof(CustomVertex.PositionColored),3,dev,0,CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format,Pool.Default);
            buffer1.Created += new System.EventHandler(this.OnCreateVertexBuffer);
            this.OnCreateVertexBuffer(buffer1, null);
        }

        //第五步，修改此方法
        public void OnResetDevice(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Device dev = (Device)sender;
            dev.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None;  //取消背面剔除
            dev.RenderState.Lighting = false; // 取消灯光
            SetupMatrices(); //变换
        }

        private void Form1_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            pause = ((this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) || !this.Visible);
        }
        //增加这个方法 ,第三步
        public void OnCreateVertexBuffer(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            CustomVertex.PositionColored[] verts = (CustomVertex.PositionColored[])buffer1.Lock(0,0);

            verts[0].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f);
            verts[0].Color = Color.Aqua.ToArgb();
            verts[1].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
            verts[1].Color = Color.Brown.ToArgb();
            verts[2].Position = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
            verts[2].Color = Color.LightPink.ToArgb();

            buffer1.Unlock();
            //显卡缓存，设定点时，先锁定，再解锁。
        }

        //增加这个方法，第四步，实现世界坐标，观察坐标，和投影坐标的变换
        private void SetupMatrices()
        {
            device1.Transform.World = Matrix.RotationY(0);  //世界变换矩阵
            device1.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(new Vector3(0.0f,3.0f,-5.0f),
                new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f),new Vector3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f));  // 观察变换矩阵
            device1.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI/4,1.0f,1.0f,100.0f);  //投影变换矩阵
        }
    }
}

program.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace XNAGame_016
{
    static class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 应用程序的主入口点。
        /// </summary>
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            //Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            //Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
            //Application.Run(new Form1());
            using (Form1 frm = new Form1())
            {
                if (frm.InitializeGraphics() == false)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("无法初始化Direct 3D,退出");
                    return;
                }
                frm.Show();
                while (frm.Created == true)
                {
                    frm.Render();
                    Application.DoEvents();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

app.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <startup useLegacyV2RuntimeActivationPolicy="true"> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
    </startup>
</configuration>