这篇文章主要介绍了CentOS 7.4搭建LAMP环境，较为详细的分析了CentOS 7.4环境下Apache、MYSQL、PHP-7.2等安装命令与操作注意事项,需要的朋友可以参考下。
CentOS 7.4搭建LAMP环境
LAMP：Linux、Apache、MYSQL、PHP。
目录：
第一部分 准备工作
第二部分 安装Apache服务
第三部分 安装MYSQL服务
第四部分 搭建PHP运行环境
第一部分 准备工作
一：服务器：
服务器系统：CentOS 7.4
服务器IP：192.168.0.117
版本：
httpd：2.4.29
mysql：5.7.22
php：7.2.9
二、下载软件包
#httpd软件包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apache/httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
#httpd依赖包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apr-util/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
#MYSQL软件包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/mysql/mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
#MYSQL依赖包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/mysql/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
#PHP软件包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/php/php-7.2.9.tar.gz
#PHP依赖包
https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/libiconv/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz
PS：
Apr-1.6.3.tar.gz和Apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz是httpd-2.4以后的版本所需要的插件，必须安装
三、将防火墙与selinux关闭
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
第二部分 安装Apache服务
1、下载软件包和安装编译工具与插件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel pcre perl expat-devel perl-devel libtool
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apache/httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/apr-util/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
#APR安装
1、解压APR软件包
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.6.3
2、预编译
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
3、编译及安装
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# make && make install
#Apr-util安装
1、解压apr-util软件包
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# cd ..
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
2、预编译
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
3、编译及安装
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
#Apache安装
1、解压httpd软件包
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ..
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.29
2、预编译
[root@localhost ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-cahreset-lite
3、编译及安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# make && make install
4、将httpd服务添加到系统服务
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# vi /etc/init.d/httpd
#添加以下两行（注意，"#"不能省略）：
- # chkconfig: - 85 21
- # description: Apache is a World Wide Web Server
#保存退出
5、将httpd加入到SERVICE管理器
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# systemctl daemon-reload
6、编辑httpd主配置文件
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
修改以下内容：
- ServerName localhost:80
#保存退出
7、创建软连接
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/bin/* /usr/bin
#检查语法错误
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# httpd -t
或者：
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# apachectl -t
8、启动httpd服务
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# systemctl start httpd
9、验证
#浏览器访问服务器IP，http://192.168.0.117
第三部分 安装MYSQL服务
#MYSQL安装
1、下载boost库（MYSQL5.7及以上需要，必须安装）
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/mysql/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
2、下载扩展包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel perl perl-devel gcc gcc-c++ cmake make openssl-devel openssl
3、建立MYSQL用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
4、下载MYSQL-5.7.22源码包
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/mysql/mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.7.22
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_SSL=yes
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# make && make install
5、创建MYSQL数据存储目录
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
6、编辑MYSQL主配置文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# vim /etc/my.cnf
- [client]
- default-character-set = utf8
- socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
- [mysql]
- port = 3306
- default-character-set = utf8
- socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
- [mysqld]
- user = mysql
- basedir = /usr/local/mysql
- datadir = /data/mysql
- port = 3306
- character_set_server=utf8
- pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
- socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
- log-error = /tmp/mysqld.log
- server-id = 1
- log-bin = mysql
- sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
7、初始化数据库（生成空密码，生成随机密码--initialize）
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
8、配置成系统服务
[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost bin]# chmod o+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
9、启动MYSQL服务、添加开启自启动
[root@localhost bin]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost bin]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost bin]# chkconfig mysqld on
10、创建软连接、访问数据库
[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# mysql
#数据库安装配置成功，退出则输入"quit"
第四部分 搭建PHP运行环境
#安装libiconv
1、下载libiconv软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.yangxingzhen.com/libiconv/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz
2、解压libiconv软件包
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf libiconv-1.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd libiconv-1.15
3、预编译
[root@localhost libiconv-1.15]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
4、编译及安装
[root@localhost libiconv-1.15]# make && make install
#安装 PHP-7.2.9
1、安装编工具及插件（下载阿里云yum源）
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libvpx libvpx-devel libjpeg-turbo libjpeg-turbo-devel libzip libpng libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel gd gd-devel libxslt-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt openssl openssl-devel
2、解压PHP软件包
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf php-7.2.9.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.2.9
3、预编译
[root@localhost php-7.2.9.]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--enable-opcache \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-soap \
--enable-short-tags \
--enable-static \
--with-fpm-user=apache \
--with-fpm-group=apache \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-zip \
--with-gettext
4、编译及安装
[root@localhost php-7.2.9.]# make && make install
5、配置PHP
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
6、关联PHP和Apache服务
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin apache
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# sed -i 's/User daemon/User apache/' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# sed -i 's/Group daemon/Group apache/' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# sed -i '/AddType *.* .tgz/a\\tAddType application/x-httpd-php .php' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# sed -i 's/index.html/index.php index.html/' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
7、验证
#编辑PHP测试页面
[root@localhost php-7.2.9]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim index.php
- <?php
- phpinfo();
- ?>
#重启httpd服务
[root@localhost htdocs]# systemctl restart httpd
#浏览器访问服务器：http://192.168.0.117
8、测试数据库
[root@localhost htdocs]# mysql
mysql> create database test;
mysql> grant all on test.* to test@'%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim info_mysql.php
- <?php
- $link=mysqli_connect('192.168.0.117','test','123456');
- if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
- else echo "Fail!!";
- ?>
[root@localhost htdocs]# systemctl restart httpd
浏览器访问http://192.168.0.117/info_mysql.php
至此LAMP环境搭建完毕！！